Fatwa: # 20683
Category: Financial Transactions
Country:
Date: 13th June 2012

Title

I am doing business of selling ladies clothes. I wanted to know 2 things: 1. What are the basic rules which I should follow while fixing the price and bargaining? 2. Is it permissible to put a sale on the clothes so that they are sold? I mean to say, can I reduce the price and sell them?

Question

Assalam o Alaikum, I am doing business of selling ladies clothes. I want to know 2 things: 1. What are the basic rules which I should follow while fixing the price and bargaining 2. Is it permissible to put sale on the clothes so that they are sold, I mean to say can I reduce the price and sell them. JazakAllah Khair

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

 

As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

 

You are doing business to earn an income. For this, you will have to add a profit on your purchase price. You are at liberty to earn a reasonable profit on the item. The market value of the item on sale may be considered to determine your selling price. [1]

You are also at liberty to reduce the price of the item for quick sale. .[2]

 

If a purchaser wishes to bargain with the seller on an item, he may do so. The seller has the right to either decrease the price or deny the bargain. If the seller and the purchaser mutually agree at a price, the transaction is valid.

 

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

Mawlana Abdul Hannan Nizami,
Student Darul Iftaa
USA

 

Checked and Approved by,
Mufti Ebrahim Desai.
www.daruliftaa.net


[1] وَإِنْ اُعْتُبِرَ مِنْ حَيْثُ تَعَلُّقُهُ بِالثَّمَنِ أَوْ بِمِقْدَارِهِ فَهُوَ أَرْبَعَةٌ أَيْضًا؛ لِأَنَّهُ إنْ كَانَ بِمِثْلِ الثَّمَنِ الْأَوَّلِ مَعَ زِيَادَةٍ فَمُرَابَحَةٌ، أَوْ بِدُونِ زِيَادَةٍ فَتَوْلِيَةٌ، أَوْ أُنْقِصَ مِنْ الثَّمَنِ فَوَضِيعَةٌ، أَوْ بِدُونِ زِيَادَةٍ وَلَا نَقْصٍ فَمُسَاوَمَةٌ (الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار)، ج4 ص501)، دار الفكر-بيروت)

 

[2] (كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ)

الْكَلَامُ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ فِي الْأَصْلِ فِي مَوَاضِعَ فِي بَيَانِ رُكْنِ الْبَيْعِ، وَفِي بَيَانِ شَرَائِطِ الرُّكْنِ، وَفِي بَيَانِ أَقْسَامِ الْبَيْعِ، وَفِي بَيَانِ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ الْبِيَاعَاتِ وَمَا يَتَّصِلُ بِهَا، وَفِي بَيَانِ حُكْمِ الْبَيْعِ، وَفِي بَيَانِ مَا يَرْفَعُ حُكْمَ الْبَيْعِ.

(وَأَمَّا) رُكْنُ الْبَيْعِ: فَهُوَ مُبَادَلَةُ شَيْءٍ مَرْغُوبٍ بِشَيْءٍ مَرْغُوبٍ، وَذَلِكَ قَدْ يَكُونُ بِالْقَوْلِ، وَقَدْ يَكُونُ بِالْفِعْلِ (أَمَّا) الْقَوْلُ فَهُوَ الْمُسَمَّى بِالْإِيجَابِ، وَالْقَبُولِ فِي عُرْفِ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَالْكَلَامُ فِي الْإِيجَابِ، وَالْقَبُولِ فِي مَوْضِعَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا فِي صِيغَةِ الْإِيجَابِ وَالْقَبُولِ، وَالثَّانِي فِي صِفَةِ الْإِيجَابِ وَالْقَبُولِ، (أَمَّا) الْأَوَّلُ فَنَقُولُ - وَبِاَللَّهِ التَّوْفِيقُ - الْإِيجَابُ وَالْقَبُولُ قَدْ يَكُونُ بِصِيغَةِ الْمَاضِي، وَقَدْ يَكُونُ بِصِيغَةِ الْحَالِ (أَمَّا) بِصِيغَةِ الْمَاضِي فَهِيَ أَنْ يَقُولَ الْبَائِعُ: بِعْتُ وَيَقُولَ الْمُشْتَرِي: اشْتَرَيْتُ، فَيَتِمَّ الرُّكْنُ؛ لِأَنَّ هَذِهِ الصِّيغَةَ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ لِلْمَاضِي وَضْعًا، لَكِنَّهَا جُعِلَتْ إيجَابًا لِلْحَالِ فِي عُرْفِ أَهْلِ اللُّغَةِ وَالشَّرْعِ، وَالْعُرْفُ قَاضٍ عَلَى الْوَضْعِ وَكَذَا إذَا قَالَ الْبَائِعُ: خُذْ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ بِكَذَا أَوْ أَعْطَيْتُكَهُ بِكَذَا أَوْهَوْ لَكَ بِكَذَا أَوْ بَذَلْتَكَهُ بِكَذَا وَقَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي: قَبِلْتُ أَوْ أَخَذْتُ أَوْ رَضِيتُ أَوْ هَوَيْتُ وَنَحْوَ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّهُ يَتِمُّ الرُّكْنُ؛ لِأَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَلْفَاظِ يُؤَدِّي مَعْنَى الْبَيْعِ وَهُوَ الْمُبَادَلَةُ، وَالْعِبْرَةُ لِلْمَعْنَى لَا لِلصُّورَةِ.

(وَأَمَّا) صِيغَةُ الْحَالِ فَهِيَ أَنْ يَقُولَ الْبَائِعُ لِلْمُشْتَرِي: أَبِيعُ مِنْكَ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ بِكَذَا وَنَوَى الْإِيجَابَ فَقَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي: اشْتَرَيْتُ، أَوْ قَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي أَشْتَرِي مِنْكَ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ بِكَذَا وَنَوَى الْإِيجَابَ وَقَالَ الْبَائِعُ: أَبِيعُهُ مِنْكَ بِكَذَا، وَقَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي: أَشْتَرِيهِ وَنَوَيَا الْإِيجَابَ؛ يَتِمُّ الرُّكْنُ وَيَنْعَقِدُ (بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع، ج5 ص133، دار الكتب العلمية)

 

 

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